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| Finnish |
Meaning |
Rank on list of Swadesh |
Pre-Finnic < PFU < PU (all forms are reconstructed stems unmarked with *xxx- ) |
| ahta-a |
hang out/up to dry, set a trap, net |
|
akta < ëkta < ïktå |
| aja-a |
drive (ride, travel, chase) |
|
aja < åjå |
| ala |
under(-neath); area; domain |
|
ëla < ïlå < ïlå |
| amp-u-a |
shoot +strike, sting |
|
ampa |
| an-oppi |
mother-in-law |
|
ëńa < ïńå < ïńå |
| anta-a |
give |
19 |
ëmta < ïmtå |
| appi |
father-in-law |
|
ëppi < ïppi < ïppï |
| arv-o |
value |
|
arva < årwå |
| ase-a, ase-ma |
set/put up, mount; position, station |
|
aśi < åśi |
| aske-l |
step |
|
aśki-li < åśki-li / åśkå-li |
| ava-a |
open |
|
ëŋa < ïŋå |
| eh-ti-ä |
have time to; catch (in time) |
|
eš-ti |
| elä-ä |
live |
26 |
elä < elä < elä |
| emä |
she parent; main, large, mother- |
26 |
emä < emä < emä |
| enä |
large, multitude |
108 |
enä < enä / inä |
| esi, ete- |
fore-, in front, ahead |
|
edi < edi |
| haapa ? (irreg.) |
aspen |
|
šapa ? (irregular corresp.) |
| hapsi (Finnic alone irregular) |
hair |
48 |
ëpti < ïpti < ïptï |
| hiha |
sleeve |
|
iša |
| hii-ri |
mouse |
|
šiŋi-ri < šiŋi-ri |
| hi-o-a |
grind (polish) |
103 |
šiŋa |
| huhma-r |
mortar (agr.) |
|
šuma-ri |
| hui |
quill, bobbin |
|
šoje |
| hupa |
diminishing; nice |
|
čupa < cupå |
| hyypi-ö |
great horned owl; crank, oddball |
|
üpi < üpi |
| hähnä |
multihued woodpecker |
|
śäśnä |
| ihme |
miracle, wonder |
|
im-eš |
| ie-n / ike-ne- |
gums |
|
ikini < i/eki/äni |
| ikä |
age |
|
ikä < ikä |
| ilma |
air |
|
ilma < ilmå |
| ime-ä |
suck |
49 |
imi < imi < imi |
| inhi-m-illinen |
human (> ihminen 'human being') |
|
inši- |
| isä |
father |
54 |
iśä < iśä |
| itse |
self |
|
iići / ići < (i)iśi / (i)ići |
| jaka-a |
divide, distribute |
161 |
jëka |
| jaksa-a |
be capable, have enough strength to, manage, cope |
|
jëksa |
| jalka |
foot, leg |
46 |
jëlka < jïlkå |
| jauha-a |
grind, mill, mince |
|
jaŋša / jëŋša |
| joki |
river |
153 |
juki / joki < jukå |
| jousi |
bow |
|
joŋsi < joŋsi < jïŋsï |
| juma-la |
god |
|
juma- |
| juo-da |
drink |
26 |
juxi < juxi / jïxi |
| juuri |
root |
47 |
juri |
| jyvä |
grain, seed |
50 |
jüvä |
| jälki |
trace, mark; after- |
|
jelkä < jelkä |
| jämä-htää, jäme-ä |
stiffen, stop still; rigid, stiff |
|
jämä |
| jänkä |
swamp, mire |
|
jäŋkä < jäŋkä |
| jänne, jänte- |
sinew, string |
|
jänti < jänti < jänti |
| järvi |
lake |
121 |
jävri |
| jäse-n |
limb, member |
|
jäsi < jäsi |
| jä-ttää |
leave, release, dismiss |
|
jäxi- (+ derivational suffix -ttää) |
| jäy-tää |
gnaw |
|
jev-tä |
| jää |
ice |
135 |
jäŋi < jäŋi |
| jääh-tyä |
(get) cool |
|
jäkš- < jäkš- |
| kaha |
basket, container |
|
kača < kača |
| kah-d-eksan |
eight (numeral 8) |
? |
kakt(-i-)teksa-n |
| kaiva-a |
dig |
111 |
kajva- / ?kojva- |
| kaj-o |
dawn, shimmer |
18 |
kaja < kåjå |
| kaksi |
two (numeral 2) |
1 |
kakta < kektä < kektä |
| kala |
fish |
74 |
kala < kålå < kålå |
| kal-in |
sort of fishnet |
|
kalama < kålåw |
| kal-ja |
(weak) bear |
|
kali-ja / kali-ta |
| kalki |
hair, down; straw |
148 |
kalki |
| kalma |
death; deceased |
|
kal-ma < ? < kax-l- |
| kalvas, kalp- |
pale |
|
kalp- |
| kama-ra |
hard surface, pigskin, shell |
126 |
kama < kåmå |
| kansa |
people |
81 |
kansa |
| kansi |
lid |
|
komta |
| kanta-a |
carry |
|
kan-ta < kån-tå < kånï |
| kant-o |
stump |
|
kënta < kïntå |
| kasa |
sharp point, edge |
|
kaća |
| kaski |
burnt-over clearing |
128 |
kaski / kaśki |
| kasvaa |
to grow |
|
kasva- |
| kat-o-aa |
disappear |
|
kaďa < kåďå < kåďå |
| kauka |
far away; long (only in toponyms) |
99 |
kavka < kåwkå(?) |
| kehrä |
distaff, trundle, disc |
|
ke(t)šträ |
| kehä |
circle, periphery |
|
keččä |
| keri |
bark, shell |
86 |
keri < keri /kerä |
| keri |
ring, perimeter |
|
keri < keri |
| ker-o |
maw, throat |
|
ker- |
| kerta |
time (occasion), turn, once; layer |
|
kertä- |
| kerä |
clew |
|
kerä < kerä |
| kesi |
thin skin, foil |
|
keďi? |
| keski |
center, central |
|
keski |
| kesä |
summer |
|
kesä |
| kieli |
tongue |
14 |
keeli < keeli < käxli |
| kire-ä |
tight |
|
kir- |
| kir-o-ta |
damn, put a spell; swear |
|
kira < kirå |
| kisk-o-a |
pull, tear off, pluck |
|
kiśka |
| kitke-ä |
tear up, weed |
|
kički (-a) |
| kit-u-a |
languish, pine |
|
kiči < kici / keci |
| kivi |
stone |
140 |
kivi < kiwi |
| koi |
moth |
|
koji |
| koi-ttaa |
dawn, dawning |
|
koji < koji |
| koi-ra-s |
male |
60 |
koji < koji |
| koiv-u |
birch |
|
kojvV < kojwV < koxjï |
| koke-a |
perceive, sense |
|
koki- < ? < ?kVxï- |
| kolm-as |
third |
|
kolm-anti |
| kolme |
three |
1 |
kolmi < kolmi |
| kone |
machine; magical cure; trick, cunning; strange |
|
kon-eš |
| korta-ta |
scorche, burn; entreat etc. |
|
korta |
| korva |
ear |
34 |
kov-ra < kåwi < kåwï |
| koske-a |
touch |
|
koski |
| koski |
rapids |
|
kośki < kośki < kośkï |
| koti, kota |
dwelling, home, house |
|
kota < kotå |
| kotka |
eagle |
|
kočka |
| kulke-a |
go, wander, move |
186 |
kulki < kulki |
| kulma |
eyebrow; edge, angle |
|
kulma |
| kulta-a |
grope (in liquids), fish out |
|
kulta < kultå |
| kul-u-a |
be consumed, lapse, expire |
|
kuli < kuli |
| kuma-ra |
bent, bowed |
|
kuma-ra (see kum-o) |
| kum-o |
vault, hood; overturn, topple |
|
kuma < kumå < kumå |
| kumm-u-ta, kump- |
well, gush, surge; stem; foam |
|
kompa < kompå < kompå |
| kum-uri |
small cloud, shower |
|
kuma < kumålå |
| kunta |
community, cong-regation, society |
|
kunta < kuntå |
| kuol-la |
die |
23 |
kooli < kooli < kåx-li |
| kuori |
casing, shell |
|
koore < kora |
| kura-s 'veitsi' |
striking weapon, knife |
|
kura < kurå < kurå |
| kusi |
piss, urine |
|
kunśi < kunśi < kunśï |
| kusi-ainen |
ant |
|
kunśi- < kunśi- |
| kute-a |
spawn |
|
kuďi < kuďi |
| kut-o-a |
knit, weave |
|
kuda |
| kuts-u-a |
call |
|
kući |
| kuu |
month (moon) |
x |
kuxi / kuŋi < kuxi < kïxï |
| kuu |
grease, tallow, fat |
181 |
kuji < kuji |
| kuul-la |
hear |
65 |
kuuli < kuuli |
| kuunne-l-la, kuunte-le- |
listen |
|
kunta < kuntå |
| kuusa-ma |
honeysuckle, woodbine, spindletree |
|
kusa |
| kuusi |
spruce fir |
|
koosi < koosi < kåxsï |
| kuusi |
six '6' |
|
ku/uutt/ti < ku/o/uutt/ti |
| kylmä |
cold |
159 |
külmä / külmi |
| kynsi |
nail |
|
künči < künci |
| kypsä |
ripe |
? |
küpti- / kepti- |
| kys-y-ä |
ask |
|
küśi |
| kyte-ä |
smoulder, smold |
|
küči < küci |
| kytke-ä |
connect, tie up, attach |
|
kütki < kütki |
| kyy |
(common) viper, adder |
121 |
küji < küji |
| kyyne-l |
tear |
|
küńili < küńili < kuŋïlï |
| kyynä-r(ä) |
forearm; cubit, ell; elbow |
|
küńärä < küńärä |
| käl-y |
sister of spouse, wife of brother |
|
käläw < käläw < käläw |
| kärki |
black woodpecker |
|
kärki |
| kärsi-ä |
suffer, endure |
|
kärti |
| käsi |
hand |
91 |
käti < käti |
| köysi, köyt- |
rope |
190 |
kevdi / kävdi < käwdi |
| lansi |
lowland, low |
|
*lonta/*lomta (*/lëmti-/ */lënti/)? |
| lehti |
leaf, sheet |
115 |
lešti |
| lie- |
may be, may become |
|
le- |
| liemi |
broth, soup |
|
leemi < leemi |
| lisä |
increse, more |
|
lisä |
| loma |
gap, chink, inter-mediate space/ time, interval |
|
loma |
| luke-a |
count, read |
177 |
luki / luka < luki |
| lumi |
snow |
45 |
lumi < lumi < lomï |
| lum-o-ta |
bewitch, enchant, conjure |
|
luma |
| luo-da |
create, shed, moult, cast, shovel |
|
loŋe |
| lupp-o |
beard lichen (hanging moss) |
|
luppa |
| luu |
bone |
68 |
luxi < luxi < lïxï |
| lykä-tä, lykkä- |
poke, push, postpone |
|
lükkä < lükkä |
| lyö-dä |
beat, hit, strike |
192 |
lexi < lexi |
| lähte-ä |
leave (depart), go away |
|
läkti |
| löyl-y |
sauna steambath; (eston.) spirit, life |
|
levli < lewli |
| maa |
earth, land, soil |
92 |
mëxi < mïxi |
| mahda-ta, mahta- |
may, should; boast, be mighty |
|
maš-ta |
| maja-va |
beaver |
|
majaka |
| maksa |
liver |
135 |
mëksa < mïkså < mïkså |
| maksa-a |
pay |
? |
maksa < måkså- |
| marja |
berry |
|
marja < mårjå |
| marra-s |
bound to die, dead, etc. |
? |
marta-s |
| mehi-läinen |
(honey)bee |
|
mekši < mekši |
| mela |
paddle |
|
melä |
| men-nä, mene- |
go |
|
meni < meni < meni |
| mesi, mete- |
honey |
|
meti < meti |
| mieli |
mind |
172 |
meeli |
| miniä |
daughter in/of law |
|
mińä < mińä < mińä |
| moni |
many |
127 |
moni? |
| muna |
egg, penis, testicle |
23 |
muna < munå < munå |
| muu |
else, other |
128 |
mu- |
| muura-in |
cloudberry |
|
mura < murå < murå |
| mykkä |
dumb |
? |
mükkä |
| myre-ä |
ill-humoured; sour; gloomy |
|
mürä |
| myy-dä |
to sell, to give |
|
me/äxi < me/äxi < me/äxi |
| myö- |
with (after, behind) |
|
müŋä < müŋä |
| nahke-a |
tacky |
|
ńëčkV |
| nai-nen |
woman |
63 |
näxi < näxi < näxi |
| nat-o |
sister-in-law (sister of husband) |
|
nativ < nåtiw < nåtiw |
| neljä |
four |
1 |
ńeljä < ńeljä |
| niel-lä |
swallow |
|
ńeeli < ńeeli < ńäxli- |
| niini |
bast |
86 |
ńiini |
| nila |
bast, inner bark, phloem |
|
ńila < ńilå |
| nimi |
name |
9 |
nimi < nimi < nimi |
| nit-o-a |
stitch, staple |
|
ńid(´)a / ńid(´)-ä |
| noita |
witch, sorcerer, seer, shaman |
|
nojta |
| nolki |
phlegm, slime, slaver, saliva |
|
nolki < nolki |
| nou-taa |
retieve, collect, pick up, fetch |
|
ńox-ta < ńoxi < ńoxi |
| nuol-la |
lick |
|
ńooli < ńooli < ńåx-(lï) |
| nuoli |
arrow |
|
ńooli < ńooli < ńïxlï |
| nurmi |
grass, green (n.) |
146 |
ńurmi < ńurmi |
| nyde, nyt-eh- |
prop |
|
nüčä |
| nyhtä-ä |
pluck, rip, harvest linen |
|
ńüktä |
| nysi |
handle, grip |
|
nüdi < nüdi < nüdi |
| näh-dä, näke- |
see |
71 |
näki < näki |
| oiva |
excellent, full of insight, splendid |
|
ojva < ojwå < ojwå |
| oksa |
branch |
|
oksa |
| okse-ntaa |
vomit |
135 |
oksi |
| ol-la, ole- |
be |
|
voli < w/o-li- < w/o- |
| olka |
shoulder |
|
volka < wolkå |
| oma |
own (see ol-la) |
|
oma < o-må (< w/o-) |
| onka-lo |
cavity, ravine |
|
voŋki < woŋki |
| onki |
fish hook |
? |
onki |
| onsi |
cavity |
|
omti < omti |
| onte-lo |
cavity |
|
oŋti < oŋti |
| ora |
thorn, prickle, awl |
|
ora < orå |
| orava |
sqirrel |
|
ora |
| orja |
slave |
|
(v)orja- |
| orp-o |
orphan |
|
orpa < orpå |
| osa |
part, share |
|
ośa < ośå |
| os-taa |
buy |
? |
vosa < wo/ïsa |
| ota |
spear |
|
oŋta < ?o/uŋtå |
| ota-va |
weir; charles's wain, the big dipper, the plough |
|
voča < wocå < wocå |
| otsa |
forehead |
|
onćća- |
| ovi |
door |
|
ovi < owi < ? |
| paarma |
gadfly, horsefly |
|
parma |
| paj-u |
willow |
|
pajiv < påjiw |
| pala (suu-) |
bit |
|
pala < pålå < pålå |
| pala-a |
burn, freeze |
123 |
pala < (påľå) |
| palva-ta |
cure, smoke |
|
palva < pålwå |
| pan-na, pane- |
put, have sexual intercourse (m.) |
|
pëni < pïni < pïnï |
| para(s) |
best (< good) |
156 |
përa |
| paska |
shit |
|
pućka (paćka) |
| pata |
pot |
|
pata < påtå |
| pat-o |
barrage, dam |
|
pada < på/ïdå |
| pelätä, pel-kä- |
fear, be afraid |
108 |
peli < peli < peli |
| peni |
dog; pup, whelp |
60 |
penä |
| perä |
rear |
|
perä |
| pes-tä, pese- |
wash |
168 |
pesi |
| pesä |
nest |
|
pesä < pesä < pesä |
| petä-jä |
pine |
|
pečä |
| peuka-lo < *pelkä-lo |
thumb |
|
pelkä< pelkä< pexli-kä |
| pies-tä, pieks- |
beat, flog; whisk; soften; mix |
192 |
peksä |
| pieli |
frame, edging, sidepole, stake |
|
peeli < peeli < pexli |
| piha |
court-yard |
|
pičča |
| pihla-ja |
rowan |
|
piśla |
| pihti |
gripper, tongs |
|
pišti |
| pii |
spike, barb, tooth, spine; silicon? |
30 |
piŋi < piŋi |
| pilvi |
cloud |
157 |
pilvi < pilwi |
| pime-ä |
dark |
|
pilmi-tä < pilmi-tä < pilmi-tä |
| pinne, pinte- |
clamp, clip |
|
pintä < pintä |
| pire-ä |
brisk, fresh, nimble |
|
piri |
| pis-tää |
stick, fix, erect, put |
198 |
pisi |
| pite-(mpi) |
long-(er) |
39 |
pidi < pidi < pidi |
| pitä-ä |
hold |
135 |
pitä < pitä |
| piv-o |
palm, hand, fist |
91 |
piŋi < piŋi < piŋi |
| poika |
boy |
|
poji < poji |
| pol-ttaa |
burn, freeze |
|
pala-tta- |
| polvi |
knee |
|
po(o)lvi < pooli < po/uxlï |
| ponsi, ponte- |
grip, knob; pep, weight, vigour, sturdiness |
|
ponti |
| porsas |
(little) pig, piglet' |
|
porćas |
| poski |
chin |
|
poski < poski < puskï |
| potka |
shank |
? |
počka < ponči-ka |
| povi |
bosom |
|
poŋi |
| puhde, puhte- |
dawn, daybreak; dusk, twilight |
|
pukta |
| puhuu |
speak |
|
puša < pušå |
| puna |
red (< 'hair; color') |
77 |
puna < pu/ånå |
| pun-o-o |
plait, twine, spin |
|
puna < punå < punå/ï |
| puna |
kink, twirl, twine |
|
puńi < puńi |
| puola |
(cow)berry |
|
pola < polå |
| pura |
borer, awl |
|
pura < purå < purå |
| pur-ra |
bite |
171 |
puri < puri < pori |
| purk-u |
whirling snow |
|
purki < purki |
| purn-u |
bin |
|
porńi |
| puse-rtaa |
squeeze, press |
199 |
puśa < puśå |
| puske-a |
butt, bump, thrust |
|
puski < puski |
| putki |
umbelliferous plant; tube, pipe |
|
pučki < pucki < puckï |
| puu |
tree |
104 |
puxi < puxi < pu/oxi, päxi |
| pys-y-ä |
remain |
|
pisi |
| pyy |
hazel-grouse |
|
püŋi < püŋi |
| pähkinä |
(hazel-) nut |
|
päški |
| päivä |
day |
34 |
päjvä < päjwä < päjwä |
| pää |
head |
95 |
päŋi < päŋi |
| reht-o |
row, line; side; stratum |
? |
reštV |
| rep-o |
fox |
|
repä |
| rita ? (irreg.) |
|
|
rita ? (irregular corresp.) |
| rohto |
medical plant, green herb |
|
roštV |
| räppänä |
vent |
|
räppä |
| saa-da |
get, receive, aqcuire, achieve |
|
sëxi |
| saa-tta-a |
lead, escort; could, be able |
|
sëxi-kta |
| saivar? (irreg.) |
nit, egg of louse |
|
śajra/śir (irreg. corresp.) |
| sake-a |
dense, viscous, muddy |
|
sëkitä |
| sala |
hidden, secret, occult, stealth |
|
sala < sålå < sålå |
| salko |
long thin pole |
|
śëlka < śïlkå |
| sammas, sampa(h)- |
statue, column (myth. upholding the firmament) |
|
sampa-s |
| sappi |
bile, gall |
|
säppä < säppä |
| sarka |
parcel, lot; strip |
|
sarka < sårkå < sårkå |
| sarvi |
horn |
|
śorva < śorwå |
| sata |
hundred |
|
śata / śëta < śåtå / śïtå |
| sata-a |
rain |
155 |
śada < śådå < śådå |
| sauva |
staff, stave, stick |
193 |
savŋa |
| sav-u |
smoke |
40 |
savi |
| seisoa |
stand |
38 |
śanśa < śånśå |
| seitsemä-n |
seven |
|
śe(e)ś/ćVmi |
| selkä |
back (anatom.) |
146 |
śelkä |
| seppä |
blacksmith |
|
śeppä < śeppä |
| sepä |
collar; neck |
112 |
śepä < śepä |
| setä |
uncle |
|
č/śečä < cecä < cecä |
| sieni |
mushroom, fungus |
|
śänä < śe/änä |
| sii-(hirsi) |
eaves beam |
|
č/śiŋi |
| siili |
hedgehog |
|
śijili < śijili |
| silmä |
eye |
21 |
śilmä < śilmä < śilmä |
| sisi-(lisko) |
lizard |
|
cinśi < conśi < conśï |
| soi-da |
ring, clang, resound |
165 |
śoji |
| solki |
buckle; wedge of fabric |
|
śolk-(ama) |
| solmu |
knot |
76 |
śolmi < śolmi |
| sonsa-r?(irreg.) |
flea; louse |
|
?ćonča < ?ćonča |
| sora |
gravel |
? |
ś/ćora |
| sormi |
finger |
|
sormi |
| sota |
war (damn, conjure) |
|
śoda |
| sotka |
pochard, scaup |
|
śodka < śo/ïdk/ďkå |
| sou-ta-a |
(to) row |
|
suxi < suxi < suxi |
| suka |
(horse)comb, bristle, prickle; (horse)hair (awn, husk, chaff, bran) |
|
śuka |
| suksi |
ski |
|
suksi < suksi < suksï |
| sula-a |
melt |
|
sula < sulå |
| sum-u |
fog |
82 |
sumi |
| suo-da |
allow, grant, hope |
|
suxi |
| suoja |
shelter, protection |
|
soja/saja |
| suola |
salt |
23 |
sala/sola |
| suoli |
intestine, gut |
185 |
śola < śolå |
| suol-ta-a? |
disentangle, sort, separate etc. |
|
?ćelta, ?ćoolta |
| Suomi |
Finland (Finl. proper province) |
|
?ćoma- |
| suom-u |
scale |
|
śoomi < śïïmï |
| suoni |
blood vessel, sinew |
|
sooni < sïïnï < sïHnï- |
| sur-ma |
slaying, killing, (violent) death |
144 |
śuri |
| susi, su(n)te- |
wolf |
? |
śunti- / *ćunti- |
| suu |
mouth |
142 |
śuxi < śuxi < śoxi |
| suvi |
summer |
|
suŋi < suŋi < suŋï |
| sydän |
heart |
26 |
südämi < śüdämi/śedmi |
| syks-y |
autumn |
|
śükśi < śükśi |
| syli |
lap, fathom |
|
süli < süli < süli |
| sylki |
saliva |
44 |
sülki < śülk/ďki |
| syn-t-yä |
to be born |
? |
sen-t- |
| sysi, syte- |
(char)coal |
|
śüdi < śüdi < śüďi |
| sysä-tä |
push, shove, impulse |
|
süskä |
| syvä |
deep |
|
tivä |
| syy |
cause; fibre |
|
süxi < süxi < süxi |
| syylä |
wart, nipple |
|
śüklä < śüklä |
| syö-dä |
eat |
66 |
sevi < sewi |
| säk-i-ä |
rookie, wels |
|
śäkä < śäkä |
| säle |
lath |
|
śälä < śälä |
| säl-y-ttää |
load |
|
sälä < sälä |
| sänki |
stubble |
|
śäŋki < śäŋki |
| särki |
roach |
|
särkä |
| säyn-e |
ide (leuciscus idus) |
|
sävni < säwni |
| sää |
weather |
|
säŋi < säŋi |
| sääksi |
osprey |
|
śäkśi < śä/e/åkśi |
| sääri |
leg |
|
ćäji-ri |
| sääski |
gnat, mosquito |
|
śäśki |
| taarna |
Carex, Cladium Mariscus |
|
tarna |
| tahko |
grindstone |
|
tašk- |
| talas (tal-o) |
scaffold (house, shed) |
|
tala < tålå |
| talvi |
winter |
|
tälvä < tälwä |
| tammi |
oak |
|
toma |
| tau-o-ta, tauk- |
pause, cease |
|
tëwka |
| teh-dä, teke- |
do, make |
|
teki < teki < teki |
| terä |
'blade, cutter, cutting edge, knife' |
86 |
terä |
| tohti-a |
dare |
|
toš-ti |
| tora |
quarrel |
191 |
tora < torå < torå |
| tosi, tote- |
true, earnest; obey; ~> get accustomed to |
? |
tomti- |
| touko |
sowing, spring |
|
tovki < towki |
| tuhma |
mean, dum |
? |
tušma |
| tukka |
hair |
|
čukka |
| tul-la, tule- |
come |
85 |
tuli < tuli < toli |
| tuli |
fire |
82 |
tuli < tuli < tulï |
| tuma |
nucleus |
|
tuŋa |
| tunke-a, tunke- |
push, cram, pack |
|
čuŋki |
| tunke-a, tunke- |
push, cram, pack |
|
tuŋki < tuŋki |
| tuntea, tunte- |
feel |
|
tunti < tunti < tumtï |
| tuo-da |
bring |
|
toxi < toxi |
| tuomi |
bird-cherry |
|
ďoomi < ďïïmï < ďïxmï |
| turpa |
muzzle, mouth |
30 |
turpa |
| tutka-in, (tutki-a) |
point, strobe; (examine) |
|
tuďka < tuďkå |
| tuuli |
wind |
30 |
tuuli tuxli |
| tymä |
glue |
|
ďümä < ďümä < ďümä |
| tytär |
daughter |
|
tüttä-re |
| tyve-n c.f. syvä |
windstill |
|
tivä < tiwä |
| tyvi |
butt; base, botom |
|
tüŋi < tüŋi |
| täht-e- |
pickings, remnant |
|
täktä < täktä |
| tähti |
star; mark, sign |
34 |
täštä |
| täi |
louse |
118 |
täji < täji |
| tävy |
lung |
|
täviv < tewiw/täwiw |
| täysi |
full |
|
tävdä < täwdä |
| täy-ttää |
fill |
|
täwi < täwi |
| udar, utare- |
udder |
|
uta-ri |
| ui-da |
swim |
113 |
uji < uji < uxï |
| ulk-o; ula- |
out; reach |
|
ul-k- |
| ulku |
pole, mast |
|
ulki < ulki < ulï |
| uudin, uutime- |
bed curtain |
|
oodimi < oodimi |
| uuhi |
ewe |
|
uuči < uvi-či |
| uusi |
new |
15 |
vuďi < wuďi |
| vaahtera |
maple |
|
vakšta-ri/vakšti-ri |
| vaaksa |
span |
|
vaksa |
| vaara? |
hill |
108 |
vara < wårå |
| vaihta-a |
(ex)change, swap, switch |
|
vaj-eš-ta |
| vaimo |
wife (spirit, soul) |
89 |
vajmi/vaima |
| vaj-o-ta |
sink, droop |
|
vaja < wåjå |
| vala |
oath |
|
vala |
| valka-ma |
harbour, haven (pour, leak) |
|
vëlka < wïlkå |
| valke-a |
white, bright |
101 |
vëlkita < wïlki |
| vanha |
old |
133 |
vanša |
| varis |
crow |
|
var-? < war-? < war-? |
| vasa |
calf |
|
vasa <vasa |
| vasara |
hammer' < 'cult. battleax' |
? |
vaśara |
| vaski |
copper; metal |
|
väśkä < wäśkä < wäśkä |
| vasta |
opposed, contra-, anti-; not until |
|
vësta-/vasta- |
| vehnä |
wheat |
|
vešnä |
| veitsi |
knife |
|
weŋći |
| ven-e |
boat |
|
vene-še |
| ven-y-ä |
stretch (out) |
|
wene |
| veri |
blood |
132 |
veri < weri |
| vesi |
water |
47 |
veti < weti < weti |
| vetää |
pull |
184 |
vetä < wetä |
| vie-dä |
lead, carry, bring |
|
vixi < wixi |
| viha |
hatred, hostility |
? |
viša |
| viher-/viha |
green, grow; poison |
79 |
viša |
| viisi |
five, 5 |
1 |
vi/iitt/ti < wi/iitt/ti < wit/tti |
| vino |
slanting, oblique, distorted |
|
vińa |
| vitoo |
clean, pare, rub |
|
viča < wicå |
| voi |
butter, grease |
|
vooji < wooji |
| vuo |
stream, torrent, riverbed |
144 |
uva < uwå |
| vuol-la |
to chamfer, plane |
|
vooli |
| vuori |
hill, mountain, hight |
108 |
voori < woori |
| vuosi |
year |
167 |
ooti |
| vyö |
belt |
|
üvä < üwä < üxji |
| väki |
force |
|
väki < wäki |
| vävy |
son-in-law |
|
väŋiv < wäŋiw < we/äŋiw |
| ydin |
core, kernel, nucleus |
|
vüdimi < wü/ädi/ämi |
| yhdeksän |
nine (numeral 9) |
? |
ükt(-i-)teksä- |
| yksi |
one (numeral 1) |
12 |
ükti |
| ylä/yli |
upper, over; past, beyond; across |
|
üli < üli < üli |
| yö |
night |
19 |
üji < üji |
| äijä |
old man |
|
äjjä |
| äimä |
(big) needle, bodkin |
|
äjmä < äjmä < äjmä |
| ääni |
sound |
|
äni < äni |
|
